Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is being considered as a way of achieving large-scale removals of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Research on the risks and benefits of different OAE approaches is expanding apace, but it remains difficult to anticipate and...
How can we build momentum and scale in an industry that should be kept as small as possible? And what if demand for its product predominantly comes from sources that should not use it? These are just two of the conundrums faced by the greenhouse gas removal industry,...
Mineral and material commodities are essential inputs to economic production, but there have been periodical concerns about mineral scarcity. However, there has been no systematic recent study that has determined whether mineral commodities have become scarcer over...
‘Net zero’ has become a powerful but contested frame of reference to define and judge climate ambition. The concept emerged from a series of scientific break-throughs that highlighted the determining impact of cumulative emissions of CO2 on global warming, and has...
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a global health crisis with severe social and economic effects, formulating a converging situation with the climate change, the biodiversity collapse, the subsequent war in Ukraine and the macroeconomic recession. This combination of...
