The Carbon Removal Budget: theory and practice

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is a necessary complement to emissions reductions to achieve a state of global net zero emissions and stabilise future warming. Despite its utility, CDR remains poorly understood. Due to a range of constraints, CDR is a fundamentally...

Publics and counter-publics of net-zero

The proliferation of pledges to reach net-zero emissions has revealed a wide range of understandings of what such a pledge entails. The lack of international standards to define decarbonisation pathways and the many kinds of speculative offsets available for net-zero...

Legal limits to the use of CO2 removal

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has indicated that to hold global warming to 1.5°C, consistent with the goals of the 2015 Paris Agreement, global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions need to be reduced to net zero by around mid-century. This global goal...